The above-linked article uses the term "translation", but the more accurate word would be "transliteration" or "Romanization", i.e. rendering a word into the Latin alphabet. Over the last 15 years or so much of the media has begun using the less "Westernized" spellings: Qur'an vs. Koran, Qaddafi vs. Gaddafi, et al. And it isn't a problem limited to Arabic. Many older books spell Tchaikovsky as "Tschaikowsky" (among even more unusual renderings of his name).